/[webpac2]/trunk/lib/WebPAC/Normalize.pm
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Revision 1066 - (show annotations)
Tue Nov 27 22:31:09 2007 UTC (16 years, 5 months ago) by dpavlin
File size: 17729 byte(s)
 r1667@llin:  dpavlin | 2007-11-27 23:31:09 +0100
 export to as general way to set different output fields

1 package WebPAC::Normalize;
2 use Exporter 'import';
3 our @EXPORT = qw/
4 _set_ds _set_lookup
5 _set_load_row
6 _get_ds _clean_ds
7 _debug
8 _pack_subfields_hash
9
10 to
11 search_display search display sorted
12
13 rec1 rec2 rec
14 frec frec_eq frec_ne
15 regex prefix suffix surround
16 first lookup join_with
17 save_into_lookup
18
19 split_rec_on
20
21 get set
22 count
23
24 /;
25
26 use warnings;
27 use strict;
28
29 #use base qw/WebPAC::Common/;
30 use Data::Dump qw/dump/;
31 use Carp qw/confess/;
32
33 # debugging warn(s)
34 my $debug = 0;
35 _debug( $debug );
36
37 # FIXME
38 use WebPAC::Normalize::ISBN;
39 push @EXPORT, ( 'isbn_10', 'isbn_13' );
40
41 use WebPAC::Normalize::MARC;
42 push @EXPORT, ( qw/
43 marc marc_indicators marc_repeatable_subfield
44 marc_compose marc_leader marc_fixed
45 marc_duplicate marc_remove marc_count
46 marc_original_order
47 marc_template
48 /);
49
50 =head1 NAME
51
52 WebPAC::Normalize - describe normalisaton rules using sets
53
54 =cut
55
56 our $VERSION = '0.36';
57
58 =head1 SYNOPSIS
59
60 This module uses C<conf/normalize/*.pl> files to perform normalisation
61 from input records using perl functions which are specialized for set
62 processing.
63
64 Sets are implemented as arrays, and normalisation file is valid perl, which
65 means that you check it's validity before running WebPAC using
66 C<perl -c normalize.pl>.
67
68 Normalisation can generate multiple output normalized data. For now, supported output
69 types (on the left side of definition) are: C<search_display>, C<display>, C<search> and
70 C<marc>.
71
72 =head1 FUNCTIONS
73
74 Functions which start with C<_> are private and used by WebPAC internally.
75 All other functions are available for use within normalisation rules.
76
77 =head2 data_structure
78
79 Return data structure
80
81 my $ds = WebPAC::Normalize::data_structure(
82 lookup => $lookup_hash,
83 row => $row,
84 rules => $normalize_pl_config,
85 marc_encoding => 'utf-8',
86 config => $config,
87 load_row_coderef => sub {
88 my ($database,$input,$mfn) = @_;
89 $store->load_row( database => $database, input => $input, id => $mfn );
90 },
91 );
92
93 Options C<row>, C<rules> and C<log> are mandatory while all
94 other are optional.
95
96 C<load_row_coderef> is closure only used when executing lookups, so they will
97 die if it's not defined.
98
99 This function will B<die> if normalizastion can't be evaled.
100
101 Since this function isn't exported you have to call it with
102 C<WebPAC::Normalize::data_structure>.
103
104 =cut
105
106 my $load_row_coderef;
107
108 sub data_structure {
109 my $arg = {@_};
110
111 die "need row argument" unless ($arg->{row});
112 die "need normalisation argument" unless ($arg->{rules});
113
114 _set_lookup( $arg->{lookup} ) if defined($arg->{lookup});
115 _set_ds( $arg->{row} );
116 _set_config( $arg->{config} ) if defined($arg->{config});
117 _clean_ds( %{ $arg } );
118 $load_row_coderef = $arg->{load_row_coderef};
119
120 no strict 'subs';
121 no warnings 'redefine';
122 eval "$arg->{rules};";
123 die "error evaling $arg->{rules}: $@\n" if ($@);
124
125 return _get_ds();
126 }
127
128 =head2 _set_ds
129
130 Set current record hash
131
132 _set_ds( $rec );
133
134 =cut
135
136 my $rec;
137
138 sub _set_ds {
139 $rec = shift or die "no record hash";
140 $WebPAC::Normalize::MARC::rec = $rec;
141 }
142
143 =head2
144
145 my $rec = _get_rec();
146
147 =cut
148
149 sub _get_rec { $rec };
150
151 =head2 _set_config
152
153 Set current config hash
154
155 _set_config( $config );
156
157 Magic keys are:
158
159 =over 4
160
161 =item _
162
163 Code of current database
164
165 =item _mfn
166
167 Current MFN
168
169 =back
170
171 =cut
172
173 my $config;
174
175 sub _set_config {
176 $config = shift;
177 }
178
179 =head2 _get_ds
180
181 Return hash formatted as data structure
182
183 my $ds = _get_ds();
184
185 =cut
186
187 my $out;
188
189 sub _get_ds {
190 #warn "## out = ",dump($out);
191 return $out;
192 }
193
194 =head2 _clean_ds
195
196 Clean data structure hash for next record
197
198 _clean_ds();
199
200 =cut
201
202 sub _clean_ds {
203 my $a = {@_};
204 $out = undef;
205 WebPAC::Normalize::MARC::_clean();
206 }
207
208 =head2 _set_lookup
209
210 Set current lookup hash
211
212 _set_lookup( $lookup );
213
214 =cut
215
216 my $lookup;
217
218 sub _set_lookup {
219 $lookup = shift;
220 }
221
222 =head2 _get_lookup
223
224 Get current lookup hash
225
226 my $lookup = _get_lookup();
227
228 =cut
229
230 sub _get_lookup {
231 return $lookup;
232 }
233
234 =head2 _set_load_row
235
236 Setup code reference which will return L<data_structure> from
237 L<WebPAC::Store>
238
239 _set_load_row(sub {
240 my ($database,$input,$mfn) = @_;
241 $store->load_row( database => $database, input => $input, id => $mfn );
242 });
243
244 =cut
245
246 sub _set_load_row {
247 my $coderef = shift;
248 confess "argument isn't CODE" unless ref($coderef) eq 'CODE';
249
250 $load_row_coderef = $coderef;
251 }
252
253 =head2 _debug
254
255 Change level of debug warnings
256
257 _debug( 2 );
258
259 =cut
260
261 sub _debug {
262 my $l = shift;
263 return $debug unless defined($l);
264 warn "debug level $l",$/ if ($l > 0);
265 $debug = $l;
266 $WebPAC::Normalize::MARC::debug = $debug;
267 }
268
269 =head1 Functions to create C<data_structure>
270
271 Those functions generally have to first in your normalization file.
272
273 =head2 to
274
275 Generic way to set values for some name
276
277 to('field-name', 'name-value' => rec('200','a') );
278
279 There are many helpers defined below which might be easier to use.
280
281 =cut
282
283 sub to {
284 my $type = shift or confess "need type -- BUG?";
285 my $name = shift or confess "needs name as first argument";
286 my @o = grep { defined($_) && $_ ne '' } @_;
287 return unless (@o);
288 $out->{$name}->{$type} = \@o;
289 }
290
291 =head2 search_display
292
293 Define output for L<search> and L<display> at the same time
294
295 search_display('Title', rec('200','a') );
296
297 =cut
298
299 sub search_display {
300 my $name = shift or die "search_display needs name as first argument";
301 my @o = grep { defined($_) && $_ ne '' } @_;
302 return unless (@o);
303 $out->{$name}->{search} = \@o;
304 $out->{$name}->{display} = \@o;
305 }
306
307 =head2 tag
308
309 Old name for L<search_display>, it will probably be removed at one point.
310
311 =cut
312
313 sub tag {
314 search_display( @_ );
315 }
316
317 =head2 display
318
319 Define output just for I<display>
320
321 @v = display('Title', rec('200','a') );
322
323 =cut
324
325 sub display { to( 'display', @_ ) }
326
327 =head2 search
328
329 Prepare values just for I<search>
330
331 @v = search('Title', rec('200','a') );
332
333 =cut
334
335 sub search { to( 'search', @_ ) }
336
337 =head2 sorted
338
339 Insert into lists which will be automatically sorted
340
341 sorted('Title', rec('200','a') );
342
343 =cut
344
345 sub sorted { to( 'sorted', @_ ) }
346
347
348 =head1 Functions to extract data from input
349
350 This function should be used inside functions to create C<data_structure> described
351 above.
352
353 =head2 _pack_subfields_hash
354
355 @subfields = _pack_subfields_hash( $h );
356 $subfields = _pack_subfields_hash( $h, 1 );
357
358 Return each subfield value in array or pack them all together and return scalar
359 with subfields (denoted by C<^>) and values.
360
361 =cut
362
363 sub _pack_subfields_hash {
364
365 warn "## _pack_subfields_hash( ",dump(@_), " )\n" if ($debug > 1);
366
367 my ($h,$include_subfields) = @_;
368
369 # sanity and ease of use
370 return $h if (ref($h) ne 'HASH');
371
372 if ( defined($h->{subfields}) ) {
373 my $sfs = delete $h->{subfields} || die "no subfields?";
374 my @out;
375 while (@$sfs) {
376 my $sf = shift @$sfs;
377 push @out, '^' . $sf if ($include_subfields);
378 my $o = shift @$sfs;
379 if ($o == 0 && ref( $h->{$sf} ) ne 'ARRAY' ) {
380 # single element subfields are not arrays
381 #warn "====> $sf $o / $#$sfs ", dump( $sfs, $h->{$sf} ), "\n";
382
383 push @out, $h->{$sf};
384 } else {
385 #warn "====> $sf $o / $#$sfs ", dump( $sfs, $h->{$sf} ), "\n";
386 push @out, $h->{$sf}->[$o];
387 }
388 }
389 if ($include_subfields) {
390 return join('', @out);
391 } else {
392 return @out;
393 }
394 } else {
395 if ($include_subfields) {
396 my $out = '';
397 foreach my $sf (sort keys %$h) {
398 if (ref($h->{$sf}) eq 'ARRAY') {
399 $out .= '^' . $sf . join('^' . $sf, @{ $h->{$sf} });
400 } else {
401 $out .= '^' . $sf . $h->{$sf};
402 }
403 }
404 return $out;
405 } else {
406 # FIXME this should probably be in alphabetical order instead of hash order
407 values %{$h};
408 }
409 }
410 }
411
412 =head2 rec1
413
414 Return all values in some field
415
416 @v = rec1('200')
417
418 TODO: order of values is probably same as in source data, need to investigate that
419
420 =cut
421
422 sub rec1 {
423 my $f = shift;
424 warn "rec1($f) = ", dump( $rec->{$f} ), $/ if ($debug > 1);
425 return unless (defined($rec) && defined($rec->{$f}));
426 warn "rec1($f) = ", dump( $rec->{$f} ), $/ if ($debug > 1);
427 if (ref($rec->{$f}) eq 'ARRAY') {
428 my @out;
429 foreach my $h ( @{ $rec->{$f} } ) {
430 if (ref($h) eq 'HASH') {
431 push @out, ( _pack_subfields_hash( $h ) );
432 } else {
433 push @out, $h;
434 }
435 }
436 return @out;
437 } elsif( defined($rec->{$f}) ) {
438 return $rec->{$f};
439 }
440 }
441
442 =head2 rec2
443
444 Return all values in specific field and subfield
445
446 @v = rec2('200','a')
447
448 =cut
449
450 sub rec2 {
451 my $f = shift;
452 return unless (defined($rec && $rec->{$f}));
453 my $sf = shift;
454 warn "rec2($f,$sf) = ", dump( $rec->{$f} ), $/ if ($debug > 1);
455 return map {
456 if (ref($_->{$sf}) eq 'ARRAY') {
457 @{ $_->{$sf} };
458 } else {
459 $_->{$sf};
460 }
461 } grep { ref($_) eq 'HASH' && defined $_->{$sf} } @{ $rec->{$f} };
462 }
463
464 =head2 rec
465
466 syntaxtic sugar for
467
468 @v = rec('200')
469 @v = rec('200','a')
470
471 If rec() returns just single value, it will
472 return scalar, not array.
473
474 =cut
475
476 sub rec {
477 my @out;
478 if ($#_ == 0) {
479 @out = rec1(@_);
480 } elsif ($#_ == 1) {
481 @out = rec2(@_);
482 }
483 if ($#out == 0 && ! wantarray) {
484 return $out[0];
485 } elsif (@out) {
486 return @out;
487 } else {
488 return '';
489 }
490 }
491
492 =head2 frec
493
494 Returns first value from field
495
496 $v = frec('200');
497 $v = frec('200','a');
498
499 =cut
500
501 sub frec {
502 my @out = rec(@_);
503 warn "rec(",dump(@_),") has more than one return value, ignoring\n" if $#out > 0;
504 return shift @out;
505 }
506
507 =head2 frec_eq
508
509 =head2 frec_ne
510
511 Check if first values from two fields are same or different
512
513 if ( frec_eq( 900 => 'a', 910 => 'c' ) ) {
514 # values are same
515 } else {
516 # values are different
517 }
518
519 Strictly speaking C<frec_eq> and C<frec_ne> wouldn't be needed if you
520 could write something like:
521
522 if ( frec( '900','a' ) eq frec( '910','c' ) ) {
523 # yada tada
524 }
525
526 but you can't since our parser L<WebPAC::Parser> will remove all whitespaces
527 in order to parse text and create invalid function C<eqfrec>.
528
529 =cut
530
531 sub frec_eq {
532 my ( $f1,$sf1, $f2, $sf2 ) = @_;
533 return (rec( $f1, $sf1 ))[0] eq (rec( $f2, $sf2 ))[0];
534 }
535
536 sub frec_ne {
537 return ! frec_eq( @_ );
538 }
539
540 =head2 regex
541
542 Apply regex to some or all values
543
544 @v = regex( 's/foo/bar/g', @v );
545
546 =cut
547
548 sub regex {
549 my $r = shift;
550 my @out;
551 #warn "r: $r\n", dump(\@_);
552 foreach my $t (@_) {
553 next unless ($t);
554 eval "\$t =~ $r";
555 push @out, $t if ($t && $t ne '');
556 }
557 return @out;
558 }
559
560 =head2 prefix
561
562 Prefix all values with a string
563
564 @v = prefix( 'my_', @v );
565
566 =cut
567
568 sub prefix {
569 my $p = shift;
570 return @_ unless defined( $p );
571 return map { $p . $_ } grep { defined($_) } @_;
572 }
573
574 =head2 suffix
575
576 suffix all values with a string
577
578 @v = suffix( '_my', @v );
579
580 =cut
581
582 sub suffix {
583 my $s = shift;
584 return @_ unless defined( $s );
585 return map { $_ . $s } grep { defined($_) } @_;
586 }
587
588 =head2 surround
589
590 surround all values with a two strings
591
592 @v = surround( 'prefix_', '_suffix', @v );
593
594 =cut
595
596 sub surround {
597 my $p = shift;
598 my $s = shift;
599 $p = '' unless defined( $p );
600 $s = '' unless defined( $s );
601 return map { $p . $_ . $s } grep { defined($_) } @_;
602 }
603
604 =head2 first
605
606 Return first element
607
608 $v = first( @v );
609
610 =cut
611
612 sub first {
613 my $r = shift;
614 return $r;
615 }
616
617 =head2 lookup
618
619 Consult lookup hashes for some value
620
621 @v = lookup(
622 sub {
623 'ffkk/peri/mfn'.rec('000')
624 },
625 'ffkk','peri','200-a-200-e',
626 sub {
627 first(rec(200,'a')).' '.first(rec('200','e'))
628 }
629 );
630
631 Code like above will be B<automatically generated> using L<WebPAC::Parse> from
632 normal lookup definition in C<conf/lookup/something.pl> which looks like:
633
634 lookup(
635 # which results to return from record recorded in lookup
636 sub { 'ffkk/peri/mfn' . rec('000') },
637 # from which database and input
638 'ffkk','peri',
639 # such that following values match
640 sub { first(rec(200,'a')) . ' ' . first(rec('200','e')) },
641 # if this part is missing, we will try to match same fields
642 # from lookup record and current one, or you can override
643 # which records to use from current record using
644 sub { rec('900','x') . ' ' . rec('900','y') },
645 )
646
647 You can think about this lookup as SQL (if that helps):
648
649 select
650 sub { what }
651 from
652 database, input
653 where
654 sub { filter from lookuped record }
655 having
656 sub { optional filter on current record }
657
658 Easy as pie, right?
659
660 =cut
661
662 sub lookup {
663 my ($what, $database, $input, $key, $having) = @_;
664
665 confess "lookup needs 5 arguments: what, database, input, key, having\n" unless ($#_ == 4);
666
667 warn "## lookup ($database, $input, $key)", $/ if ($debug > 1);
668 return unless (defined($lookup->{$database}->{$input}->{$key}));
669
670 confess "lookup really need load_row_coderef added to data_structure\n" unless ($load_row_coderef);
671
672 my $mfns;
673 my @having = $having->();
674
675 warn "## having = ", dump( @having ) if ($debug > 2);
676
677 foreach my $h ( @having ) {
678 if (defined($lookup->{$database}->{$input}->{$key}->{$h})) {
679 warn "lookup for $database/$input/$key/$h return ",dump($lookup->{$database}->{$input}->{$key}->{$h}),"\n" if ($debug);
680 $mfns->{$_}++ foreach keys %{ $lookup->{$database}->{$input}->{$key}->{$h} };
681 }
682 }
683
684 return unless ($mfns);
685
686 my @mfns = sort keys %$mfns;
687
688 warn "# lookup loading $database/$input/$key mfn ", join(",",@mfns)," having ",dump(@having),"\n" if ($debug);
689
690 my $old_rec = $rec;
691 my @out;
692
693 foreach my $mfn (@mfns) {
694 $rec = $load_row_coderef->( $database, $input, $mfn );
695
696 warn "got $database/$input/$mfn = ", dump($rec), $/ if ($debug);
697
698 my @vals = $what->();
699
700 push @out, ( @vals );
701
702 warn "lookup for mfn $mfn returned ", dump(@vals), $/ if ($debug);
703 }
704
705 # if (ref($lookup->{$k}) eq 'ARRAY') {
706 # return @{ $lookup->{$k} };
707 # } else {
708 # return $lookup->{$k};
709 # }
710
711 $rec = $old_rec;
712
713 warn "## lookup returns = ", dump(@out), $/ if ($debug);
714
715 if ($#out == 0) {
716 return $out[0];
717 } else {
718 return @out;
719 }
720 }
721
722 =head2 save_into_lookup
723
724 Save value into lookup. It associates current database, input
725 and specific keys with one or more values which will be
726 associated over MFN.
727
728 MFN will be extracted from first occurence current of field 000
729 in current record, or if it doesn't exist from L<_set_config> C<_mfn>.
730
731 my $nr = save_into_lookup($database,$input,$key,sub {
732 # code which produce one or more values
733 });
734
735 It returns number of items saved.
736
737 This function shouldn't be called directly, it's called from code created by
738 L<WebPAC::Parser>.
739
740 =cut
741
742 sub save_into_lookup {
743 my ($database,$input,$key,$coderef) = @_;
744 die "save_into_lookup needs database" unless defined($database);
745 die "save_into_lookup needs input" unless defined($input);
746 die "save_into_lookup needs key" unless defined($key);
747 die "save_into_lookup needs CODE" unless ( defined($coderef) && ref($coderef) eq 'CODE' );
748
749 warn "## save_into_lookup rec = ", dump($rec), " config = ", dump($config), $/ if ($debug > 2);
750
751 my $mfn =
752 defined($rec->{'000'}->[0]) ? $rec->{'000'}->[0] :
753 defined($config->{_mfn}) ? $config->{_mfn} :
754 die "mfn not defined or zero";
755
756 my $nr = 0;
757
758 foreach my $v ( $coderef->() ) {
759 $lookup->{$database}->{$input}->{$key}->{$v}->{$mfn}++;
760 warn "# saved lookup $database/$input/$key [$v] $mfn\n" if ($debug > 1);
761 $nr++;
762 }
763
764 return $nr;
765 }
766
767 =head2 config
768
769 Consult config values stored in C<config.yml>
770
771 # return database code (key under databases in yaml)
772 $database_code = config(); # use _ from hash
773 $database_name = config('name');
774 $database_input_name = config('input name');
775
776 Up to three levels are supported.
777
778 =cut
779
780 sub config {
781 return unless ($config);
782
783 my $p = shift;
784
785 $p ||= '';
786
787 my $v;
788
789 warn "### getting config($p)\n" if ($debug > 1);
790
791 my @p = split(/\s+/,$p);
792 if ($#p < 0) {
793 $v = $config->{ '_' }; # special, database code
794 } else {
795
796 my $c = dclone( $config );
797
798 foreach my $k (@p) {
799 warn "### k: $k c = ",dump($c),$/ if ($debug > 1);
800 if (ref($c) eq 'ARRAY') {
801 $c = shift @$c;
802 warn "config($p) taking first occurence of '$k', probably not what you wanted!\n";
803 last;
804 }
805
806 if (! defined($c->{$k}) ) {
807 $c = undef;
808 last;
809 } else {
810 $c = $c->{$k};
811 }
812 }
813 $v = $c if ($c);
814
815 }
816
817 warn "## config( '$p' ) = ",dump( $v ),$/ if ($v && $debug);
818 warn "config( '$p' ) is empty\n" if (! $v);
819
820 return $v;
821 }
822
823 =head2 id
824
825 Returns unique id of this record
826
827 $id = id();
828
829 Returns C<42/2> for 2nd occurence of MFN 42.
830
831 =cut
832
833 sub id {
834 my $mfn = $config->{_mfn} || die "no _mfn in config data";
835 return $mfn . ( WebPAC::Normalize::MARC::_created_marc_records() || '' );
836 }
837
838 =head2 join_with
839
840 Joins walues with some delimiter
841
842 $v = join_with(", ", @v);
843
844 =cut
845
846 sub join_with {
847 my $d = shift;
848 warn "### join_with('$d',",dump(@_),")\n" if ($debug > 2);
849 my $v = join($d, grep { defined($_) && $_ ne '' } @_);
850 return '' unless defined($v);
851 return $v;
852 }
853
854 =head2 split_rec_on
855
856 Split record subfield on some regex and take one of parts out
857
858 $a_before_semi_column =
859 split_rec_on('200','a', /\s*;\s*/, $part);
860
861 C<$part> is optional number of element. First element is
862 B<1>, not 0!
863
864 If there is no C<$part> parameter or C<$part> is 0, this function will
865 return all values produced by splitting.
866
867 =cut
868
869 sub split_rec_on {
870 die "split_rec_on need (fld,sf,regex[,part]" if ($#_ < 2);
871
872 my ($fld, $sf, $regex, $part) = @_;
873 warn "### regex ", ref($regex), $regex, $/ if ($debug > 2);
874
875 my @r = rec( $fld, $sf );
876 my $v = shift @r;
877 warn "### first rec($fld,$sf) = ",dump($v),$/ if ($debug > 2);
878
879 return '' if ( ! defined($v) || $v =~ /^\s*$/);
880
881 my @s = split( $regex, $v );
882 warn "## split_rec_on($fld,$sf,$regex,$part) = ",dump(@s),$/ if ($debug > 1);
883 if ($part && $part > 0) {
884 return $s[ $part - 1 ];
885 } else {
886 return @s;
887 }
888 }
889
890 my $hash;
891
892 =head2 set
893
894 set( key => 'value' );
895
896 =cut
897
898 sub set {
899 my ($k,$v) = @_;
900 warn "## set ( $k => ", dump($v), " )", $/ if ( $debug );
901 $hash->{$k} = $v;
902 };
903
904 =head2 get
905
906 get( 'key' );
907
908 =cut
909
910 sub get {
911 my $k = shift || return;
912 my $v = $hash->{$k};
913 warn "## get $k = ", dump( $v ), $/ if ( $debug );
914 return $v;
915 }
916
917 =head2 count
918
919 if ( count( @result ) == 1 ) {
920 # do something if only 1 result is there
921 }
922
923 =cut
924
925 sub count {
926 warn "## count ",dump(@_),$/ if ( $debug );
927 return @_ . '';
928 }
929
930 # END
931 1;

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