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package WebPAC::Normalize; |
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|
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use warnings; |
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use strict; |
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use base 'WebPAC::Common'; |
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use Data::Dumper; |
7 |
|
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=head1 NAME |
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|
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WebPAC::Normalize - data mungling for normalisation |
11 |
|
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=head1 VERSION |
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|
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Version 0.06 |
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|
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=cut |
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|
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our $VERSION = '0.06'; |
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|
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=head1 SYNOPSIS |
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|
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This package contains code that mungle data to produce normalized format. |
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|
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It contains several assumptions: |
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|
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=over |
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|
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=item * |
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|
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format of fields is defined using C<v123^a> notation for repeatable fields |
31 |
or C<s123^a> for single (or first) value, where C<123> is field number and |
32 |
C<a> is subfield. |
33 |
|
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=item * |
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|
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source data records (C<$rec>) have unique identifiers in field C<000> |
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|
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=item * |
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|
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optional C<eval{length('v123^a') == 3}> tag at B<beginning of format> will be |
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perl code that is evaluated before producing output (value of field will be |
42 |
interpolated before that) |
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|
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=item * |
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|
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optional C<filter{filter_name}> at B<begining of format> will apply perl |
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code defined as code ref on format after field substitution to producing |
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output |
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|
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There is one built-in filter called C<regex> which can be use like this: |
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|
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filter{regex(s/foo/bar/)} |
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|
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=item * |
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|
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optional C<lookup{...}> will be then performed. See C<WebPAC::Lookups>. |
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|
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=item * |
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|
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at end, optional C<format>s rules are resolved. Format rules are similar to |
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C<sprintf> and can also contain C<lookup{...}> which is performed after |
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values are inserted in format. |
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|
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=back |
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|
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This also describes order in which transformations are applied (eval, |
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filter, lookup, format) which is important to undestand when deciding how to |
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solve your data mungling and normalisation process. |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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=head1 FUNCTIONS |
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|
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=head2 new |
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|
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Create new normalisation object |
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|
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my $n = new WebPAC::Normalize::Something( |
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filter => { |
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'filter_name_1' => sub { |
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# filter code |
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return length($_); |
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}, ... |
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}, |
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db => $db_obj, |
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lookup_regex => $lookup->regex, |
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lookup => $lookup_obj, |
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prefix => 'foobar', |
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); |
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|
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Parametar C<filter> defines user supplied snippets of perl code which can |
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be use with C<filter{...}> notation. |
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|
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C<prefix> is used to form filename for database record (to support multiple |
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source files which are joined in one database). |
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|
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Recommended parametar C<lookup_regex> is used to enable parsing of lookups |
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in structures. If you pass this parametar, you must also pass C<lookup> |
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which is C<WebPAC::Lookup> object. |
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|
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=cut |
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|
104 |
sub new { |
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my $class = shift; |
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my $self = {@_}; |
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bless($self, $class); |
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|
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my $r = $self->{'lookup_regex'} ? 1 : 0; |
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my $l = $self->{'lookup'} ? 1 : 0; |
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|
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my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
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|
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# those two must be in pair |
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if ( ($r & $l) != ($r || $l) ) { |
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my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
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$log->logdie("lookup_regex and lookup must be in pair"); |
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} |
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|
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$log->logdie("lookup must be WebPAC::Lookup object") if ($self->{'lookup'} && ! $self->{'lookup'}->isa('WebPAC::Lookup')); |
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|
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$log->warn("no prefix defined. please check that!") unless ($self->{'prefix'}); |
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|
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$log->debug("using lookup regex: ", $self->{lookup_regex}) if ($r && $l); |
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|
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if ($self->{filter} && ! $self->{filter}->{regex}) { |
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$log->debug("adding built-in filter regex"); |
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$self->{filter}->{regex} = sub { |
129 |
my ($val, $regex) = @_; |
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eval "\$val =~ $regex"; |
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return $val; |
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}; |
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} |
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|
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$self ? return $self : return undef; |
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} |
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|
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|
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=head2 data_structure |
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|
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Create in-memory data structure which represents normalized layout from |
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C<conf/normalize/*.xml>. |
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|
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This structures are used to produce output. |
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|
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my $ds = $webpac->data_structure($rec); |
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|
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=cut |
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|
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sub data_structure { |
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my $self = shift; |
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|
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my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
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|
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my $rec = shift; |
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$log->logconfess("need HASH as first argument!") if ($rec !~ /HASH/o); |
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|
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$log->debug("data_structure rec = ", sub { Dumper($rec) }); |
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|
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$log->logdie("need unique ID (mfn) in field 000 of record ", sub { Dumper($rec) } ) unless (defined($rec->{'000'})); |
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|
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my $id = $rec->{'000'}->[0] || $log->logdie("field 000 isn't array!"); |
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|
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my $cache_file; |
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|
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if ($self->{'db'}) { |
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my $ds = $self->{'db'}->load_ds( id => $id, prefix => $self->{prefix} ); |
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$log->debug("load_ds( rec = ", sub { Dumper($rec) }, ") = ", sub { Dumper($ds) }); |
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return $ds if ($ds); |
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$log->debug("cache miss, creating"); |
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} |
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|
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my @sorted_tags; |
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if ($self->{tags_by_order}) { |
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@sorted_tags = @{$self->{tags_by_order}}; |
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} else { |
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@sorted_tags = sort { $self->_sort_by_order } keys %{$self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}}; |
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$self->{tags_by_order} = \@sorted_tags; |
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} |
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|
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my $ds; |
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|
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$log->debug("tags: ",sub { join(", ",@sorted_tags) }); |
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|
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foreach my $field (@sorted_tags) { |
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|
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my $row; |
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|
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#print "field $field [",$self->{'tag'},"] = ",Dumper($self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$field}->{$self->{'tag'}}); |
190 |
|
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foreach my $tag (@{$self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$field}->{$self->{'tag'}}}) { |
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my $format; |
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|
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$log->logdie("expected tag HASH and got $tag") unless (ref($tag) eq 'HASH'); |
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$format = $tag->{'value'} || $tag->{'content'}; |
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|
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$log->debug("format: $format"); |
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|
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my @v; |
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if ($self->{'lookup_regex'} && $format =~ $self->{'lookup_regex'}) { |
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@v = $self->fill_in_to_arr($rec,$format); |
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} else { |
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@v = $self->parse_to_arr($rec,$format); |
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} |
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next if (! @v); |
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|
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if ($tag->{'sort'}) { |
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@v = $self->sort_arr(@v); |
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} |
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|
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# use format? |
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if ($tag->{'format_name'}) { |
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@v = map { $self->apply_format($tag->{'format_name'},$tag->{'format_delimiter'},$_) } @v; |
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} |
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|
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# delimiter will join repeatable fields |
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if ($tag->{'delimiter'}) { |
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@v = ( join($tag->{'delimiter'}, @v) ); |
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} |
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|
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# default types |
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my @types = qw(display search); |
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# override by type attribute |
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@types = ( $tag->{'type'} ) if ($tag->{'type'}); |
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|
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foreach my $type (@types) { |
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# append to previous line? |
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$log->debug("type: $type ",sub { join(" ",@v) }, " ", $row->{'append'} || 'no append'); |
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if ($tag->{'append'}) { |
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|
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# I will delimit appended part with |
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# delimiter (or ,) |
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my $d = $tag->{'delimiter'}; |
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# default delimiter |
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$d ||= " "; |
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|
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my $last = pop @{$row->{$type}}; |
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$d = "" if (! $last); |
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$last .= $d . join($d, @v); |
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push @{$row->{$type}}, $last; |
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|
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} else { |
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push @{$row->{$type}}, @v; |
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} |
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} |
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|
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|
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} |
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|
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if ($row) { |
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$row->{'tag'} = $field; |
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|
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# TODO: name_sigular, name_plural |
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my $name = $self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$field}->{'name'}; |
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my $row_name = $name ? $self->_x($name) : $field; |
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|
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# post-sort all values in field |
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if ($self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$field}->{'sort'}) { |
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$log->warn("sort at field tag not implemented"); |
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} |
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|
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$ds->{$row_name} = $row; |
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|
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$log->debug("row $field: ",sub { Dumper($row) }); |
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} |
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|
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} |
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|
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$self->{'db'}->save_ds( |
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id => $id, |
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ds => $ds, |
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prefix => $self->{prefix}, |
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) if ($self->{'db'}); |
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|
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$log->debug("ds: ", sub { Dumper($ds) }); |
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|
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$log->logconfess("data structure returned is not array any more!") if wantarray; |
278 |
|
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return $ds; |
280 |
|
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} |
282 |
|
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=head2 parse |
284 |
|
285 |
Perform smart parsing of string, skipping delimiters for fields which aren't |
286 |
defined. It can also eval code in format starting with C<eval{...}> and |
287 |
return output or nothing depending on eval code. |
288 |
|
289 |
my $text = $webpac->parse($rec,'eval{"v901^a" eq "Deskriptor"}descriptor: v250^a', $i); |
290 |
|
291 |
Filters are implemented here. While simple form of filters looks like this: |
292 |
|
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filter{name_of_filter} |
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|
295 |
but, filters can also have variable number of parametars like this: |
296 |
|
297 |
filter{name_of_filter(param,param,param)} |
298 |
|
299 |
=cut |
300 |
|
301 |
my $warn_once; |
302 |
|
303 |
sub parse { |
304 |
my $self = shift; |
305 |
|
306 |
my ($rec, $format_utf8, $i) = @_; |
307 |
|
308 |
return if (! $format_utf8); |
309 |
|
310 |
my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
311 |
|
312 |
$log->logconfess("need HASH as first argument!") if ($rec !~ /HASH/o); |
313 |
|
314 |
$i = 0 if (! $i); |
315 |
|
316 |
my $format = $self->_x($format_utf8) || $log->logconfess("can't convert '$format_utf8' from UTF-8 to ",$self->{'code_page'}); |
317 |
|
318 |
my @out; |
319 |
|
320 |
$log->debug("format: $format"); |
321 |
|
322 |
my $eval_code; |
323 |
# remove eval{...} from beginning |
324 |
$eval_code = $1 if ($format =~ s/^eval{([^}]+)}//s); |
325 |
|
326 |
my $filter_name; |
327 |
# remove filter{...} from beginning |
328 |
$filter_name = $1 if ($format =~ s/^filter{([^}]+)}//s); |
329 |
|
330 |
my $prefix; |
331 |
my $all_found=0; |
332 |
|
333 |
while ($format =~ s/^(.*?)(v|s)(\d+)(?:\^(\w))?//s) { |
334 |
|
335 |
my $del = $1 || ''; |
336 |
$prefix ||= $del if ($all_found == 0); |
337 |
|
338 |
# repeatable index |
339 |
my $r = $i; |
340 |
$r = 0 if (lc("$2") eq 's'); |
341 |
|
342 |
my $found = 0; |
343 |
my $tmp = $self->get_data(\$rec,$3,$4,$r,\$found); |
344 |
|
345 |
if ($found) { |
346 |
push @out, $del; |
347 |
push @out, $tmp; |
348 |
$all_found += $found; |
349 |
} |
350 |
} |
351 |
|
352 |
return if (! $all_found); |
353 |
|
354 |
my $out = join('',@out); |
355 |
|
356 |
if ($out) { |
357 |
# add rest of format (suffix) |
358 |
$out .= $format; |
359 |
|
360 |
# add prefix if not there |
361 |
$out = $prefix . $out if ($out !~ m/^\Q$prefix\E/); |
362 |
|
363 |
$log->debug("result: $out"); |
364 |
} |
365 |
|
366 |
if ($eval_code) { |
367 |
my $eval = $self->fill_in($rec,$eval_code,$i) || return; |
368 |
$log->debug("about to eval{$eval} format: $out"); |
369 |
return if (! $self->_eval($eval)); |
370 |
} |
371 |
|
372 |
if ($filter_name) { |
373 |
my @filter_args; |
374 |
if ($filter_name =~ s/(\w+)\((.*)\)/$1/) { |
375 |
@filter_args = split(/,/, $2); |
376 |
} |
377 |
if ($self->{'filter'}->{$filter_name}) { |
378 |
$log->debug("about to filter{$filter_name} format: $out with arguments: ", join(",", @filter_args)); |
379 |
unshift @filter_args, $out; |
380 |
$out = $self->{'filter'}->{$filter_name}->(@filter_args); |
381 |
return unless(defined($out)); |
382 |
$log->debug("filter result: $out"); |
383 |
} elsif (! $warn_once->{$filter_name}) { |
384 |
$log->warn("trying to use undefined filter $filter_name"); |
385 |
$warn_once->{$filter_name}++; |
386 |
} |
387 |
} |
388 |
|
389 |
return $out; |
390 |
} |
391 |
|
392 |
=head2 parse_to_arr |
393 |
|
394 |
Similar to C<parse>, but returns array of all repeatable fields |
395 |
|
396 |
my @arr = $webpac->parse_to_arr($rec,'v250^a'); |
397 |
|
398 |
=cut |
399 |
|
400 |
sub parse_to_arr { |
401 |
my $self = shift; |
402 |
|
403 |
my ($rec, $format_utf8) = @_; |
404 |
|
405 |
my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
406 |
|
407 |
$log->logconfess("need HASH as first argument!") if ($rec !~ /HASH/o); |
408 |
return if (! $format_utf8); |
409 |
|
410 |
my $i = 0; |
411 |
my @arr; |
412 |
|
413 |
while (my $v = $self->parse($rec,$format_utf8,$i++)) { |
414 |
push @arr, $v; |
415 |
} |
416 |
|
417 |
$log->debug("format '$format_utf8' returned ",--$i," elements: ", sub { join(" | ",@arr) }) if (@arr); |
418 |
|
419 |
return @arr; |
420 |
} |
421 |
|
422 |
|
423 |
=head2 fill_in |
424 |
|
425 |
Workhourse of all: takes record from in-memory structure of database and |
426 |
strings with placeholders and returns string or array of with substituted |
427 |
values from record. |
428 |
|
429 |
my $text = $webpac->fill_in($rec,'v250^a'); |
430 |
|
431 |
Optional argument is ordinal number for repeatable fields. By default, |
432 |
it's assume to be first repeatable field (fields are perl array, so first |
433 |
element is 0). |
434 |
Following example will read second value from repeatable field. |
435 |
|
436 |
my $text = $webpac->fill_in($rec,'Title: v250^a',1); |
437 |
|
438 |
This function B<does not> perform parsing of format to inteligenty skip |
439 |
delimiters before fields which aren't used. |
440 |
|
441 |
This method will automatically decode UTF-8 string to local code page |
442 |
if needed. |
443 |
|
444 |
=cut |
445 |
|
446 |
sub fill_in { |
447 |
my $self = shift; |
448 |
|
449 |
my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
450 |
|
451 |
my $rec = shift || $log->logconfess("need data record"); |
452 |
my $format = shift || $log->logconfess("need format to parse"); |
453 |
# iteration (for repeatable fields) |
454 |
my $i = shift || 0; |
455 |
|
456 |
$log->logdie("infitite loop in format $format") if ($i > ($self->{'max_mfn'} || 9999)); |
457 |
|
458 |
# FIXME remove for speedup? |
459 |
$log->logconfess("need HASH as first argument!") if ($rec !~ /HASH/o); |
460 |
|
461 |
if (utf8::is_utf8($format)) { |
462 |
$format = $self->_x($format); |
463 |
} |
464 |
|
465 |
my $found = 0; |
466 |
|
467 |
my $eval_code; |
468 |
# remove eval{...} from beginning |
469 |
$eval_code = $1 if ($format =~ s/^eval{([^}]+)}//s); |
470 |
|
471 |
my $filter_name; |
472 |
# remove filter{...} from beginning |
473 |
$filter_name = $1 if ($format =~ s/^filter{([^}]+)}//s); |
474 |
|
475 |
# do actual replacement of placeholders |
476 |
# repeatable fields |
477 |
$format =~ s/v(\d+)(?:\^(\w))?/$self->get_data(\$rec,$1,$2,$i,\$found)/ges; |
478 |
# non-repeatable fields |
479 |
$format =~ s/s(\d+)(?:\^(\w))?/$self->get_data(\$rec,$1,$2,0,\$found)/ges; |
480 |
|
481 |
if ($found) { |
482 |
$log->debug("format: $format"); |
483 |
if ($eval_code) { |
484 |
my $eval = $self->fill_in($rec,$eval_code,$i); |
485 |
return if (! $self->_eval($eval)); |
486 |
} |
487 |
if ($filter_name && $self->{'filter'}->{$filter_name}) { |
488 |
$log->debug("filter '$filter_name' for $format"); |
489 |
$format = $self->{'filter'}->{$filter_name}->($format); |
490 |
return unless(defined($format)); |
491 |
$log->debug("filter result: $format"); |
492 |
} |
493 |
# do we have lookups? |
494 |
if ($self->{'lookup'}) { |
495 |
if ($self->{'lookup'}->can('lookup')) { |
496 |
my @lookup = $self->{lookup}->lookup($format); |
497 |
$log->debug("lookup $format", join(", ", @lookup)); |
498 |
return @lookup; |
499 |
} else { |
500 |
$log->warn("Have lookup object but can't invoke lookup method"); |
501 |
} |
502 |
} else { |
503 |
return $format; |
504 |
} |
505 |
} else { |
506 |
return; |
507 |
} |
508 |
} |
509 |
|
510 |
|
511 |
=head2 fill_in_to_arr |
512 |
|
513 |
Similar to C<fill_in>, but returns array of all repeatable fields. Usable |
514 |
for fields which have lookups, so they shouldn't be parsed but rather |
515 |
C<fill_id>ed. |
516 |
|
517 |
my @arr = $webpac->fill_in_to_arr($rec,'[v900];;[v250^a]'); |
518 |
|
519 |
=cut |
520 |
|
521 |
sub fill_in_to_arr { |
522 |
my $self = shift; |
523 |
|
524 |
my ($rec, $format_utf8) = @_; |
525 |
|
526 |
my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
527 |
|
528 |
$log->logconfess("need HASH as first argument!") if ($rec !~ /HASH/o); |
529 |
return if (! $format_utf8); |
530 |
|
531 |
my $i = 0; |
532 |
my @arr; |
533 |
|
534 |
while (my @v = $self->fill_in($rec,$format_utf8,$i++)) { |
535 |
push @arr, @v; |
536 |
} |
537 |
|
538 |
$log->debug("format '$format_utf8' returned ",--$i," elements: ", sub { join(" | ",@arr) }) if (@arr); |
539 |
|
540 |
return @arr; |
541 |
} |
542 |
|
543 |
|
544 |
=head2 get_data |
545 |
|
546 |
Returns value from record. |
547 |
|
548 |
my $text = $self->get_data(\$rec,$f,$sf,$i,\$found); |
549 |
|
550 |
Arguments are: |
551 |
record reference C<$rec>, |
552 |
field C<$f>, |
553 |
optional subfiled C<$sf>, |
554 |
index for repeatable values C<$i>. |
555 |
|
556 |
Optinal variable C<$found> will be incremeted if there |
557 |
is field. |
558 |
|
559 |
Returns value or empty string. |
560 |
|
561 |
=cut |
562 |
|
563 |
sub get_data { |
564 |
my $self = shift; |
565 |
|
566 |
my ($rec,$f,$sf,$i,$found) = @_; |
567 |
|
568 |
if ($$rec->{$f}) { |
569 |
return '' if (! $$rec->{$f}->[$i]); |
570 |
no strict 'refs'; |
571 |
if ($sf && $$rec->{$f}->[$i]->{$sf}) { |
572 |
$$found++ if (defined($$found)); |
573 |
return $$rec->{$f}->[$i]->{$sf}; |
574 |
} elsif (! $sf && $$rec->{$f}->[$i]) { |
575 |
$$found++ if (defined($$found)); |
576 |
# it still might have subfield, just |
577 |
# not specified, so we'll dump all |
578 |
if ($$rec->{$f}->[$i] =~ /HASH/o) { |
579 |
my $out; |
580 |
foreach my $k (keys %{$$rec->{$f}->[$i]}) { |
581 |
$out .= $$rec->{$f}->[$i]->{$k}." "; |
582 |
} |
583 |
return $out; |
584 |
} else { |
585 |
return $$rec->{$f}->[$i]; |
586 |
} |
587 |
} else { |
588 |
return ''; |
589 |
} |
590 |
} else { |
591 |
return ''; |
592 |
} |
593 |
} |
594 |
|
595 |
|
596 |
=head2 apply_format |
597 |
|
598 |
Apply format specified in tag with C<format_name="name"> and |
599 |
C<format_delimiter=";;">. |
600 |
|
601 |
my $text = $webpac->apply_format($format_name,$format_delimiter,$data); |
602 |
|
603 |
Formats can contain C<lookup{...}> if you need them. |
604 |
|
605 |
=cut |
606 |
|
607 |
sub apply_format { |
608 |
my $self = shift; |
609 |
|
610 |
my ($name,$delimiter,$data) = @_; |
611 |
|
612 |
my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
613 |
|
614 |
if (! $self->{'import_xml'}->{'format'}->{$name}) { |
615 |
$log->warn("<format name=\"$name\"> is not defined in ",$self->{'import_xml_file'}); |
616 |
return $data; |
617 |
} |
618 |
|
619 |
$log->warn("no delimiter for format $name") if (! $delimiter); |
620 |
|
621 |
my $format = $self->_x($self->{'import_xml'}->{'format'}->{$name}->{'content'}) || $log->logdie("can't find format '$name'"); |
622 |
|
623 |
my @data = split(/\Q$delimiter\E/, $data); |
624 |
|
625 |
my $out = sprintf($format, @data); |
626 |
$log->debug("using format $name [$format] on $data to produce: $out"); |
627 |
|
628 |
if ($self->{'lookup_regex'} && $out =~ $self->{'lookup_regex'}) { |
629 |
return $self->{'lookup'}->lookup($out); |
630 |
} else { |
631 |
return $out; |
632 |
} |
633 |
|
634 |
} |
635 |
|
636 |
=head2 sort_arr |
637 |
|
638 |
Sort array ignoring case and html in data |
639 |
|
640 |
my @sorted = $webpac->sort_arr(@unsorted); |
641 |
|
642 |
=cut |
643 |
|
644 |
sub sort_arr { |
645 |
my $self = shift; |
646 |
|
647 |
my $log = $self->_get_logger(); |
648 |
|
649 |
# FIXME add Schwartzian Transformation? |
650 |
|
651 |
my @sorted = sort { |
652 |
$a =~ s#<[^>]+/*>##; |
653 |
$b =~ s#<[^>]+/*>##; |
654 |
lc($b) cmp lc($a) |
655 |
} @_; |
656 |
$log->debug("sorted values: ",sub { join(", ",@sorted) }); |
657 |
|
658 |
return @sorted; |
659 |
} |
660 |
|
661 |
|
662 |
=head1 INTERNAL METHODS |
663 |
|
664 |
=head2 _sort_by_order |
665 |
|
666 |
Sort xml tags data structure accoding to C<order=""> attribute. |
667 |
|
668 |
=cut |
669 |
|
670 |
sub _sort_by_order { |
671 |
my $self = shift; |
672 |
|
673 |
my $va = $self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$a}->{'order'} || |
674 |
$self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$a}; |
675 |
my $vb = $self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$b}->{'order'} || |
676 |
$self->{'import_xml'}->{'indexer'}->{$b}; |
677 |
|
678 |
return $va <=> $vb; |
679 |
} |
680 |
|
681 |
=head2 _x |
682 |
|
683 |
Convert strings from C<conf/normalize/*.xml> encoding into application |
684 |
specific encoding (optinally specified using C<code_page> to C<new> |
685 |
constructor). |
686 |
|
687 |
my $text = $n->_x('normalize text string'); |
688 |
|
689 |
This is a stub so that other modules doesn't have to implement it. |
690 |
|
691 |
=cut |
692 |
|
693 |
sub _x { |
694 |
my $self = shift; |
695 |
return shift; |
696 |
} |
697 |
|
698 |
|
699 |
=head1 AUTHOR |
700 |
|
701 |
Dobrica Pavlinusic, C<< <dpavlin@rot13.org> >> |
702 |
|
703 |
=head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE |
704 |
|
705 |
Copyright 2005 Dobrica Pavlinusic, All Rights Reserved. |
706 |
|
707 |
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
708 |
under the same terms as Perl itself. |
709 |
|
710 |
=cut |
711 |
|
712 |
1; # End of WebPAC::Normalize |