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1 <p><b>Azithromycin</b></p><b><b>
2 <p><b>The Research</b></p>
3 </b></b>
4 <p>Since the 1970s, PLIVA's research team, led by Dr Slobodan Dokic, had been
5 working in the area of macrolide antibiotics. In 1981, his team of researchers,
6 Gabrijela Kobrehel, Zrinka Tamburasev and Gorjana Radobolja-Lazarevski, synthesised
7 a novel antibiotic named azithromycin, the first member of a new class of macrolide
8 antibiotics, termed azalides. The newly formed molecule, azithromycin dihydrate,
9 was obtained from the erythromycin molecule and demonstrated properties superior
10 to those of the original molecule. Because of its exceptional therapeutic properties,
11 azithromycin revolutionised antibiotic treatment and became one of the most
12 successful drugs worldwide. From its early trials, it proved to be an extremely
13 efficient antibiotic with expanded and enhanced antibacterial activity (particularly
14 against gram-negative pathogens), prolonged and higher tissue concentration
15 and a low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects compared to other similar
16 antibiotics.</p>
17 <p>Azithromycin has a number of principal applications: the treatment of respiratory
18 tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, gastric and duodenal infections
19 caused by <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and sexually transmitted diseases. Its
20 competitive advantages over other known antibiotics are its short dosing period
21 (3 days as opposed to 10) and low potential for adverse drug reactions.</p>
22 <b><b>
23 <p align="center"><img src="p/1001_a_1.jpg" width="300" height="293"></p>
24 </b></b>
25 <p><b>The Prize</b></p>
26 <p>On 20 August 2000 in Washington D.C., USA, the American Chemical Society (ACS),
27 a non-profit association of American chemists and chemical engineers and the
28 largest association of scientists in the world organised the "Heroes of Chemistry
29 2000" ceremony. For their discovery of azithromycin, PLIVA scientists Slobodan
30 Dokic and Gabrijela Kobrehel were named "Heroes of Chemistry", together with
31 representatives from US-based Pfizer which had also contributed to the success
32 of azithromycin, today marketed worldwide as Sumamed and Zithromax. The "Heroes
33 of Chemistry 2000" award is one of numerous awards presented over the years
34 to PLIVA scientists for their long-term contribution to global science, medicine
35 and the improvement of quality of life. This latest recognition is additional
36 confirmation of the value and achievements of PLIVA's entire team of researchers
37 who worked on the discovery of azithromycin. The discovery of azithromycin was
38 the greatest event in history of PLIVA's research and a milestone for the Croatian
39 pharmaceuticals industry. That success has put PLIVA among those few pharmaceutical
40 companies in the world that have developed their own drug.</p>

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